List 11-20
11. Abrogate
Etymology:
early 16th cent.: from Latin abrogat- ‘repealed’, from the verb abrogare, from ab- ‘away, from’ + rogare ‘propose a law’.
Meaning in
English: revoke formally, put an end to, to abolish by formal or
official means
Meaning in
Hindi: - रद्द करना, निरस्त करना, अभिनिषेध
करना
Usage in
Sentence:
"Government abrogated
the strike."
"To abrogate the law."
Synonyms:
repudiate, repeal, void, invalidate, nullify, overrule, negate, reject, cancel,
abolish.
Antonyms:
permit, sanction, pass, approve, ratify.
Mnemonic:
abrogate = ab + rog(disease) + ate.
Means eat the disease and abolish it.
12. Animosity
Etymology:
late Middle English (originally in the sense
‘spirit, courage’): from Old French animosite or late Latin animositas, from
animosus ‘spirited’, from Latin animus ‘spirit, mind’. The current sense dates
from the early 17th cent.
Meaning in
English: a feeling of strong dislike, strong hostility, active
enmity.
Meaning in
Hindi: - शत्रुता, द्वेष, दुश्मनी, दुश्मनी
की भावना
Usage in
Sentence:
"Nisha has animosity
towards her neighbor."
Synonyms:
antipathy, hostility, friction, rancour,
ill will, enmity, malice, displeasure.
Antonyms:
friendship, goodwill, happiness, respect, like.
Mnemonic: animosity
sounds like enemy. If someone is your enemy, you tends to have ill will towards
him.
13. Animus
Etymology:
early 19th cent.: from Latin, ‘spirit,
mind’.
Meaning in English:
Meaning in English:
- feeling of strong dislike, hostility, ill
feeling, animosity.
- Motivation to do
something.
Meaning in
Hindi: - विरोधपूर्ण भावना, शत्रुता,
वैर भाव
Usage in
Sentence:
"the author's animus
towards her"
Synonyms:
antipathy, hostility, friction, rancour,
ill will, enmity, malice, displeasure.
Antonyms:
friendship, goodwill, happiness, respect, like.
Mnemonic:
Its like Enemy + us ie our enemy have ill will towards us.
14. Annals
Etymology:
mid 16th cent.: from Latin annales (libri)
‘yearly (books)’, from annus ‘year’.
Meaning in
English: records arranged in yearly parts, records of events of
one years, historical records.
Meaning in
Hindi: - वार्षिकवृतान्त, वर्षक्रमिक
इतिहास, वर्णक्रम से लिखा हुआ इतिहास
Usage in
Sentence:
"The annals of Mughal
wars are kept at museum in New Delhi."
Synonyms:
history, journal, archives, records.
Mnemonic:
Annals sounds like annual. It is annual records of something.s
15. Anneal
Etymology:
Old English onǣlan, from on + ǣlan ‘burn,
bake’ from āl ‘fire, burning’. The original sense was ‘set on fire’, hence (in
late Middle English) ‘subject to fire, alter by heating’.
Meaning in
English:
- to free from internal stress by heating and
gradual cooling.
- to toughen
Meaning in
Hindi: - तपाना
Usage in
Sentence:
"Copper tubes are
annealed after bending."
Synonyms:
harden, thicken, temper, toughen.
Antonyms:
liquefy, soften, weaken.
Mnemonic:
To make NAAL (horse shoe). You have to heat iron and then cool it to get tough
horse shoe.
16. Annex
Etymology:
late Middle English: from Old French
annexer, from Latin annectere ‘connect’, from ad- ‘to’ + nectere ‘tie, fasten’.
Meaning in
English:
- to attach, add or append to something large.
- building added
to larger one, an addition to document.
Meaning in
Hindi: - पूरक अंश, जोड़ना, शामिल करना
Usage in
Sentence:
"Amendments were annexed
to the constitution."
Synonyms:
add, append, attach, affix, subsidiary
Antonyms:
subtract, lessen.
Mnemonic:
annex = a + next. Something added next to something.
17. Annihilate
Etymology:
late Middle English (originally as an
adjective meaning ‘destroyed, annulled’): from late Latin annihilatus ‘reduced
to nothing’, from the verb annihilare, from ad- ‘to’ + nihil ‘nothing’. The
sense ‘destroy utterly’ dates from the mid 16th cent.
Meaning in
English:
- destroy utterly, defeat utterly
- to annul, make
void.
Meaning in
Hindi: - मिटा देना, संहार करना, सर्वनाश
करना
Usage in
Sentence:
"Our cricket team
annihilated the visiting team."
“The nuclear attack
annihilated the city.”
Synonyms:
wipe out, extinguish, abolish, erase, abrogate, wreck, expunge.
Antonyms:
create, ratify, preserve, revive.
Mnemonic:
Remember annihilate like eliminate something from life.
18. Annotate
Etymology:
late 16th cent.: from Latin annotat- ‘marked’, from
the verb annotare, from ad- ‘to’ + nota ‘a mark’.
Meaning in English: to provide/make
explanatory note, comment, add notes to text or diagram giving explanation or
comment.
Meaning in Hindi: - टिप्पणी करना, भाष्य करना
Usage in Sentence:
"To annotate
the work of Kalidas."
Synonyms: comment, explain, interpret, explicate.
Antonyms: confuse, be vague, obscure.
Mnemonic: Remember like a + note = annotate. To make a note.
late Middle English: from French annuité, from medieval Latin annuitas, from Latin annuus ‘yearly’, from annus ‘year’.
19. Annuity
Etymology:
late Middle English: from French annuité, from medieval Latin annuitas, from Latin annuus ‘yearly’, from annus ‘year’.
Meaning in English:
- yearly
allowance
- a fixed sum of money
paid to someone annually, typically for rest of their life.
Meaning in Hindi: - वार्षिक भत्ता या वृत्ति, वार्षिकी
Usage in Sentence:
"Neha’s
father left her annuity of $1000 in his will."
Synonyms: gain, profit, income, wages, dividend.
Antonyms: loss, debt, misfortune.
Mnemonic: annuity = annual + duty. Annual duty gives you annual
income.
20. Annul
Etymology:
late Middle English: from Old French anuller, from
late Latin annullare, from ad- ‘to’ + nullum ‘nothing’.
Meaning in English: make void, declare invalid, declare (marriage) to have no legal
existence, to reduce to nothing.
Meaning in Hindi: - अन्त करना, निष्फल करना, रद्द करना,
अमान्य घोषित करना
Usage in Sentence:
"Elections
in Bangladesh were annulled amid protests."
Synonyms: nullify, invalidate, void, cancel, abolish, revoke,
repeal, withdraw, erase, obliterate.
Antonyms: validate, approve, legalize, allow, enforce.
Mnemonic: annul = A +
null. Null means having no value or nothing ie void.
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