Biology Question Bank Set-3

Q1. Who invented vitamin A?
a. F.G. Hopkin
b. Holst
c. M.C. Collum
d. Stenach

Q2. Which is the largest and heaviest mammal?
a. Blue Whale
b. African elephant
c. Ostrich
d. Python

Q3. Which is the smallest bird?
a. Sparrow
b. Humming Bird
c. Shrew
d. Peacock

Q4. Which is the busiest human organ?
a. Lever
b. Brain
c. Lungs
d. Heart

Q5. In which condition, the concentration of glucose in the body is very low?
a. Pneumonia
b. Emphysema
c. Hyperglycemia
d. None of the above

Q6. The strongest part of the human body is?
a. Arm
b. Legs
c. Skull
d. Enamel of teeth

Q7. The fastest nerve speed is?
a. 530 kmph
b. 531 kmph
c. 532 kmph
d. 533 kmph

Q8. The disease caused by bite of dog is called?
a. Rabies
b. Hypermetropia
c. Colic
d. Migraine

Q9. Study of dreams is called?
a. Ethology
b. Oneirology
c. Kalology
d. Exobiology

Q10. Who is the inventor of chloroform?
a. Banting
b. Robert Koch
c. Edward Jenner
d. Simpson

Answers:
1(c), 2(a), 3(b),4(d), 5(c), 6(d), 7(c), 8(a), 9(b), 10(d)

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Biology Question Bank Set-2

Q1. Which is the longest cell in the body?
a. Mycoplasma gallisepticum
b. Neuron
c. Prokaryotic cell
d. Ostrich

Q2. What is the function of Ribosome?
a. Take part in protein synthesis
b. Helps in intracellular digestion
c. Helps in distribution of material
d. Helps in the formation spindle fibre

Q3. Who discovered Ribosome
a. De Duve
b. Camilo Golgi
c. Palade
d. Boveri

Q4. Number of chromosome in PIGION
a. 24
b. 19
c. 13
d. 40

Q5. What is the function of Centrosome?
a. Take part in protein synthesis
b. Helps in intracellular digestion
c. Helps in the formation spindle fibre during cell division
d. Helps in distribution of material

Q6. In which year cell was coined?
a. 1667
b. 1665
c. 1664
d. 1668

Q7. Study of Lizard is called?
a. Serology
b. Sphygmology
c. Taxonomy
d. Saurology

Q8. Study of blood is called?
a. Haematology
b. Hepatology
c. Histology
d. Kalology

Q9. What is the scientific name of MAN is?
a. Rana tigrina
b. Homo sapiens
c. Felis domestica
d. Canis familaris

Q10. Who is the Father of Taxonomy?
a. De Duve
b. Camilo Golgi
c. Palade
d. Linnaeus

Answers:
1(b), 2(a), 3(c),4(d), 5(c), 6(b), 7(d), 8(a), 9(b), 10(d)

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Biology Question Bank Set-1

                  Q 1.      Who is considered as father of taxonomy?

a.       Carl Linnaeus

b.      Theophrastus

c.       Aristotle

d.      George Palade

                  Q 2.      Which algae is called space algae?

a.       Fucus

b.      Mushroom

c.       Chloreloline

d.      Chlorella

                  Q 3.      Who wrote the book ‘System a Nature’?

a.       Theophrastus

b.      Aristotle

c.       Linnaeus

d.      Charles Darwin

                  Q 4.      Who gave the five kingdom classification?

a.       Linnaeus

b.      R.H. Whittaker

c.       Charles Darwin

d.      Aristotle

                  Q 5.      Binomial Nomenclature means-

a.       Genus and family

b.      Genus and Species

c.       Family and species

d.      Species and order

                  Q 6.      Humans are

a.       Bos indicus

b.      Rana tigrina

c.       Homo sapiens

d.      Felis domestica

                  Q 7.      Who is known as father of Botany?

a.       Carl Linnaeus

b.      Theophrastus

c.       Aristotle

d.      George Palade

                  Q 8.      The study of Algae is known as

a.       Phycology

b.      Mycology

c.       Biology

d.      Pedology

                  Q 9.      The study of Fungi is known as

a.       Phycology

b.      Mycology

c.       Biology

d.   Pedology

Answers:

                  Q 1.      a

                  Q 2.      d

                  Q 3.      c

                  Q 4.      b

                  Q 5.      b

                  Q 6.      c

                  Q 7.      b

                  Q 8.      a

                  Q 9.      b

Cell and its structure

Cell is a basic functional and structural unit of life. It was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665.

Cell Theory

It states that

• Body of all living organisms is composed of cells.
• Each organism starts its life from single cell.
• Each cell is made of pre-existing cell.

Some facts regarding cell

• The smallest cell is Mycoplasma gallisepticum.
• The biggest cell is egg of ostrich.
• The longest cell is Neuron.
• The biggest cell in human body is female sex organ ovum.

Types of cell

Cell is of two types:

Prokaryotic cell	Eukaryotic cell
It is primitive cell.	It is a complete cell.
It does not contain Nucleus.	It contain nucleus.
It contains Nucleoids and organelles like mitochondria, golgi bodies are absent.	It contains Nucleoids and organelles like mitochondria, golgi bodies.
For example: Bacteria, Arch Bacteria, Cyno Bacteria.	For example: Plant cell, Animal cell.

Ribosome is an organelle found in both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell.

Part of cell

The various parts of cell are:

• Cell wall: it is found only in plant cell. It is made up of cellulose. It provides rigidity to plants.
• Plasma Membrane or cell membrane: It is the outer covering of animal cell. It is also found in plant cell. It is made up of phospholipids. It is selective permeable membrane.
• Protoplasm: Entire fluid inside the plasma membrane is called protoplasm. It is divided into two parts:
• Cytoplasm: it is the fluid outside nucleus and inside plasma membrane.
• Nucleoplasm: it is the fluid inside nucleus.
• Mitochondria: It is a rod shaped double layered organelle. It contain matrix. Matrix contains many enzymes which help in cellular respiration. It is a respiratory site in cellular respiration. It is also called power house of cell.
• Lysosome:Lysosome contains many hydrolytic enzymes for digestion of waste material inside the cell. This cell may digest the entire cell, so it also called Suicidal bag.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): It is a network connecting plasma membrane to nucleus. Its one side contains embedded ribosome also called rough or Ribosome endoplasmic Reticulum (RER). Its other side without ribosome is called smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
• Ribosome: It is found in ER or cytoplasm inferior state. It helps in synthesis of protein.
• Nucleus:It is a spherical shaped centrally located organelle. It contains nucleoplasm. Within nucleoplasm, there is Nucleolus which is called factory of ribosomes. Within nucleoplasm there are chromatids. Two chromatids join together at a point called centromere to form Chromosome.
  Different organisms have different number of chromosomes.
• Gene: A bead like structure found in chromosome which is called Gene. It is carrier of genetic information from one generation to other in coded form. Gene is carrier of genetic information and chromosome id hereditary vehicle.
  Human contains 23 pairs of chromosome.

Cell division

There are two types of cell division:

Mitosis	Meiosis
This type of cell division occurs in somatic cell.	This type of cell division occurs in reproductive cell i.e. ova or sperm.
Due to mitosis, two daughter cells are produced having same number of chromosomes as parent cell.	Due to meiosis, four daughter cell are produced having half the number of chromosomes as in parent cell.
Uncontrolled mitosis causes cancer or tumor.

Questions

1. Who discovered the cell?
   Robert Hooke
2. Which is the smallest cell?
   Mycoplasma gallisepticum
3. Which is the biggest cell?
   Egg of Ostrich
4. Which is the longest cell?
   Neuron
5. Which is the biggest cell in human body?
   Ovum
6. Which organelle is found in both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell?
   Ribosome
7. In plants cell wall is made up of?
   Cellulose
8. Which part of cell provides rigidity to plants?
   Cell wall
9. Which part of cell is called power house of cell?
   Mitochondria
10. Which cell is also called suicidal bag?
    Lysosome
11. What is rat poison?
    ZnPO₄ (Zinc Phosphide)
12. What is the number of chromosome present in human?
    46

Classification of living organism

Taxonomy is the science of classification of living organisms where it is plants, animals or microorganisms.

The Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus is regarded as the father of Taxonomy.

Classification of living organism

Initially living organisms where divided into two categories: Plants and Animals.

Plants were those organisms that make their own food. Plants have chlorophyll which helps them prepare food with the process of photosynthesis. Animals were considered those organisms that depend on others (Plants).

But later it was found that some living organism possesses features of plants as well as animals, for example Euglena can feed by process photosynthesis as well as take nourishment like animals.

In 1959, R H Whittaker same up with Five Kingdom Classification also called Modern classification of living organism.

Modern Classification of living organisms

The modern classification of living organism divides the living organism into five kindoms:

•  Monera: This kingdom includes the organism having Prokaryotic cell (Prokaryotic cells lacks nucleus). All organisms of this kingdom are microscopic. For example: Bacteria, Arch Bacteria, Cyno Bacteria etc.
• Protista: This kingdom includes the organism which is unicellular usually found in aquatic habitats. For example: Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena etc.
• Fungi: This kingdom includes plants which are non-green, non-chlorophyllus, non-vascular.
  For example: Mushroom, Mucor, Albugo, Yeast etc.
  
  Uses of Fungi:
  
  1. In making Bread.
  2. In making Alcohol.
  3. In synthesis of vitamins. Example: Vitamin-D, Vitamin-B2, Vitamin-B12.
  
  
  Human diseases from Fungi:
  1. Ringworm
  2. Scabies
  3. Baldness
  4. Athlete’s foot
  
  Plant diseases from Fungi:
  1. Red rust of sugarcane
  2. Fruit rot of Apple
• Plantae: Almost all green plants fall under this category.
  
• Animalia: Almost all animals fall under this category except protozoa.
  

 Quick facts

• Study of Fungi: Mycology.
• Study of Algae: Phycology.
• Study of Bacteria: Bacteriology.
• Study of Virus: Virology.

Questions

1. Where is Chlorophyll present in plant?
2. Which metal is contained in Chlorophyll?
3. How plants make their food?
4. Which light is most effective for Photosynthesis?
5. Which light is least effective for Photosynthesis?
6. Which plant is non-green and has absence of Chlorophyll?
7. What is another name of Vitamin B-12?
8. Which metal is present in Cyanocobalamin?
9. In which plant, photosynthesis also happens in night?
10. Animals convert glucose to?
11. Plants convert glucose to?
12. What convert glucose to glycogen in Animals?
13. Who is the father of Taxonomy?

That is it for today. I'll add more content on this article tomorrow and publish more article soon. So keep following there is lot to come.

Biology

In simple terms, Biology is the study of living organisms.

Biology is divided into two parts: Botany and Zoology.

Following are the topics which we will be discussing:

• Classification of organism
• Cell and its structure
• Genetics
• Circulatory system
• Digestive system
• Nutrition
• Reproduction
• Control and Coordination
• Excretory system
• Pollution
• Ecosystem
• Human diseases
• Plant Kingdom

Quick Facts

• Father of Biology: Aristotle
• Father of Zoology: Aristotle
• Father of Botany: Theophrastus

Characteristics of living organisms

• Respiration
• Reproduction
• Metabolism which is combination of Catabolism and Anabolism.
• Life cycle
• Growth
• Movement
• Response to stimuli.

Questions:

1. Who is the considered as father of Biology?
2. Who is the considered as father of Zoology?
3. Who is the considered as father of Botany?

Answer these questions and move to the next topic in biology: Classification of living organism.

Question Bank

• Question Bank Set-1